-shedding

Interactive Essay

4 propositions

A Future Observatory Forecast

This forecast presents a vision for the future of design. Working with researchers across disciplines, we propose alternative systems, strategies and possibilities for remaking our world.

Introduction

Defining –sheds as an alternative scale for design intervention.
Brief from the Land

Embedding the design brief within a -shed.
Alternative Prospecting

Sourcing materials within natural limits.
Topofacture

Establishing landscape-centred manufacturing.
Material Resonance

Reframing growth as scaling out rather than scaling up.

Defining –sheds as an alternative scale for design intervention.

Embedding the design brief within a -shed.

Sourcing materials within natural limits.

Establishing landscape-centred manufacturing.

Reframing growth as scaling out rather than scaling up.

(

)

Possible -sheds

Fibreshed

A geographic region that is connected by its network of fibre flows from farmers, fibre processors, textile producers and consumers.
Watershed

An area of land that drains rainfall and snowmelt into streams and rivers, which flow into larger lakes, bays and oceans.
Desertshed

–sheds can also be imagined in arid environments, where sand flows define the shape and surfaces of landscapes and the ecosystems they support.
Atmos-shed

A planetary scale of thinking that transcends terrestrial borders by factoring in what is happening in the atmosphere, where boundaries are blurred by wind and precipitation.

A geographic region that is connected by its network of fibre flows from farmers, fibre processors, textile producers and consumers.

An area of land that drains rainfall and snowmelt into streams and rivers, which flow into larger lakes, bays and oceans.

–sheds can also be imagined in arid environments, where sand flows define the shape and surfaces of landscapes and the ecosystems they support.

A planetary scale of thinking that transcends terrestrial borders by factoring in what is happening in the atmosphere, where boundaries are blurred by wind and precipitation.

Proposition 1

Brief from the Land

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Emma Hague, founder South West England Fibreshed
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Samia Henni, editor of Deserts Are Not Empty
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Tactics for cultivating natural and cultural ecosystems

The Living Infrastructure Field Kit

A set of tools and resources developed by Accelerate Resilience LA. The kit is designed to increase community capacity in Los Angeles, empowering Angelenos to slowly transform their city to cope with environmental changes.
Crofting 2.0

A regenerative agriculture proposal by systems designers Dark Matter Labs, developed for the Scottish Land Commission. By reviving crofting practices, small-scale land stewardship embeds social and ecological care into civic systems.
Learning from Kilburn

An experimental university in Kilburn, London. The university poses questions like ‘what does Kilburn wear?’ and ‘does Kilburn even exist?’, prompting participants to reflect differently on their neighbourhood and imagine new futures for the area.
Deserts Are Not Empty

A conceptual framework published by historian Samia Henni that counters the colonial idea of deserts as barren places by centring the ecologies, peoples and histories of these landscapes.

A set of tools and resources developed by Accelerate Resilience LA. The kit is designed to increase community capacity in Los Angeles, empowering Angelenos to slowly transform their city to cope with environmental changes.

A regenerative agriculture proposal by systems designers Dark Matter Labs, developed for the Scottish Land Commission. By reviving crofting practices, small-scale land stewardship embeds social and ecological care into civic systems.

An experimental university in Kilburn, London. The university poses questions like ‘what does Kilburn wear?’ and ‘does Kilburn even exist?’, prompting participants to reflect differently on their neighbourhood and imagine new futures for the area.

A conceptual framework published by historian Samia Henni that counters the colonial idea of deserts as barren places by centring the ecologies, peoples and histories of these landscapes.

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New tools

The Nebelivka Hypothesis

Novel archaeological techniques are revealing previously unknown civilisations hidden in the soil. This project by Forensic Architecture reveals ancient cities in today's central Ukraine. These cities developed a system of urban life that enhanced the vitality of the surrounding environment.
Ofstruggle

Ofstruggle is a browser-based archive by Exhausted Geographies, a Karachi-based publishing project. The project aims to build solidarity and map ongoing struggles around land and water in Pakistan's ex-capital.
Restaging Temporalities

Speculative storytelling and digital restaging are used by architects dll. collective to work with frontline communities in Indonesia’s kampung kota (urban villages) to confront the risks of flooding urban infrastructures.
Public Map Platform

An early-stage research project by Cambridge University creating ‘data sandwiches’ that layer scientific geospatial data with qualitative data. This includes recorded sounds and smells, visual records of seasonal blooms and oral testimony to holistically capture climate change in Anglesey, Wales.

Novel archaeological techniques are revealing previously unknown civilisations hidden in the soil. This project by Forensic Architecture reveals ancient cities in today's central Ukraine. These cities developed a system of urban life that enhanced the vitality of the surrounding environment.

Ofstruggle is a browser-based archive by Exhausted Geographies, a Karachi-based publishing project. The project aims to build solidarity and map ongoing struggles around land and water in Pakistan's ex-capital.

Speculative storytelling and digital restaging are used by architects dll. collective to work with frontline communities in Indonesia’s kampung kota (urban villages) to confront the risks of flooding urban infrastructures.

An early-stage research project by Cambridge University creating ‘data sandwiches’ that layer scientific geospatial data with qualitative data. This includes recorded sounds and smells, visual records of seasonal blooms and oral testimony to holistically capture climate change in Anglesey, Wales.

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Proposition 2

Alternative Prospecting

Actions proposed for the green transition

The Critical Raw Materials Act

Passed by the European Union in March 2024, the CRMA aims to secure the supply of materials such as cobalt and lithium needed for the green transition. This will involve the onshoring of mining and extraction across the EU.
The Green New Deal

A 2019 legislative proposal for economic reform and green industrial strategy, putting workers and marginalised communities at the heart of renewable energy transitions in the USA.
The Manifesto for Ecosocial Energy Transition from the Peoples of the South

A set of demands for a just transition that refuses continued material extraction from the Global South to support ecological infrastructure in the North. Signed by a broad coalition of organisations and individuals.

Passed by the European Union in March 2024, the CRMA aims to secure the supply of materials such as cobalt and lithium needed for the green transition. This will involve the onshoring of mining and extraction across the EU.

A 2019 legislative proposal for economic reform and green industrial strategy, putting workers and marginalised communities at the heart of renewable energy transitions in the USA.

A set of demands for a just transition that refuses continued material extraction from the Global South to support ecological infrastructure in the North. Signed by a broad coalition of organisations and individuals.

–

Practices mining close to home

Material Cultures

In a report for Future Observatory, architects Material Cultures outline how public and private woodlands could be reconfigured to support UK timber production as part of a shift to a more regenerative construction industry.
Rotor

Brussels-based cooperative design practice Rotor work with building elements reclaimed from demolition sites. They run an online and physical shop, RotorDC, where salvaged parts are available for anyone to buy.

In a report for Future Observatory, architects Material Cultures outline how public and private woodlands could be reconfigured to support UK timber production as part of a shift to a more regenerative construction industry.

Brussels-based cooperative design practice Rotor work with building elements reclaimed from demolition sites. They run an online and physical shop, RotorDC, where salvaged parts are available for anyone to buy.

Practices upskilling people in their place

Climavore

A Community Interest Company and project building alternative economies to salmon fishing in the Isle of Skye. By re-routing the fishing economy towards shell-fishing, waste shells are then collected and developed into a terrazzo tile as a low-carbon construction material. 
MASS.Made

A new furniture division of MASS Design Group in Rwanda that uses a ‘footprint, handprint’ metric to ensure that materials are sourced locally and hand-built. Basket weavers and potters are upskilled to produce large-scale design and architectural projects.

A Community Interest Company and project building alternative economies to salmon fishing in the Isle of Skye. By re-routing the fishing economy towards shell-fishing, waste shells are then collected and developed into a terrazzo tile as a low-carbon construction material. 

A new furniture division of MASS Design Group in Rwanda that uses a ‘footprint, handprint’ metric to ensure that materials are sourced locally and hand-built. Basket weavers and potters are upskilled to produce large-scale design and architectural projects.

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Proposition 3

Topofacture

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Prototypes of bioregional manufacture

Dana Lee Brown

A bespoke fabric designer based in Bowen Island, Canada developing a localised field-to-final-garment system of production, negotiating the challenging supply chain limitations of bioregional practice.
Bombyx

A silk farm and factory located on the old silk road that builds on centuries of sericultural expertise for regenerative agricultural silk production.
Carmody Groarke

An architecture practice testing and developing bricks made from construction site waste materials – like concrete, brick and tarmac – along the coastline of East Sussex.

A bespoke fabric designer based in Bowen Island, Canada developing a localised field-to-final-garment system of production, negotiating the challenging supply chain limitations of bioregional practice.

A silk farm and factory located on the old silk road that builds on centuries of sericultural expertise for regenerative agricultural silk production.

An architecture practice testing and developing bricks made from construction site waste materials – like concrete, brick and tarmac – along the coastline of East Sussex.

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Martin Rauch

An architecture practice that uses mobile factories to process earth composites on site for the construction of rammed earth building projects.
Atelier LUMA

A bioregional research and production workshop in Arles, France whose premises are built using walls coated with sunflower pith discarded by local sunflower oil producers, naturally crystallised salt cladding from the surrounding flats, and bioplastic tiles charged with algae-based dyes from invasive plant species in the area.

An architecture practice that uses mobile factories to process earth composites on site for the construction of rammed earth building projects.

A bioregional research and production workshop in Arles, France whose premises are built using walls coated with sunflower pith discarded by local sunflower oil producers, naturally crystallised salt cladding from the surrounding flats, and bioplastic tiles charged with algae-based dyes from invasive plant species in the area.

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Proposition 4

Material Resonance

Galaad Van Daele, chair of Affective Architectures, ETH Zürich
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Courses teaching geological and ecological literacy

Geocentric Driftings

A travelling seminar series led by the Chair of Affective Architectures at ETH Zürich helping students develop geological literacy by exposing them to a selection of buildings and sites revealing how architecture and geosphere always intertwine.
Design Ecologies

A new module at Loughborough University that studies the relationships between all living and non-living entities, fostering interdisciplinary systems design responses to ecological challenges. These responses can be shared across related ecologies.

A travelling seminar series led by the Chair of Affective Architectures at ETH Zürich helping students develop geological literacy by exposing them to a selection of buildings and sites revealing how architecture and geosphere always intertwine.

A new module at Loughborough University that studies the relationships between all living and non-living entities, fostering interdisciplinary systems design responses to ecological challenges. These responses can be shared across related ecologies.

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–

Contributors:

Captions:

Contributors:

Adam Bobbette, lecturer in political geology at the School of Geographical and Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow. His books include The Pulse of the Earth: Political Geology in Java.

Billy Fleming, Wilks Family director of the Ian L. McHarg Center at the University of Pennsylvania. His books include Building Post-Carbon Futures (Lincoln, exp 2025), A Blueprint for Coastal adaptation (Island Press, 2021) and Design With Nature Now (Lincoln, 2019).

Calvin Po, strategic design lead at Dark Matter Labs.

Dana Lee Brown, fashion designer, Bowen Island, Canada.

Davide Piscatelli, advanced researcher at Forensic Architecture.

Elise Misao Hunchuck, independent spatial researcher, editor, curator, writer, and educator, Berlin and Milan.

Ella Hubbard, PhD candidate at the University of Sheffield with a specialism on bioregionalism.

Emma Hague, founding director of South West England Fibreshed and Bristol Textile Quarter.

Galaad van Daele, architect and researcher, chair of Affective Architectures, ETH Zürich.

Isabel Carlisle, co-Founder and Creative Director, Bioregional Learning Centre, Devon.

Jan Boelen, director of Atelier LUMA.

Jane Brady, co-founder and creative director, Bioregional Learning Centre, Devon.

John Thackara, writer, adviser, bioregional design expert.

Marco Ferrari, co-founder of Studio Folder.

Paloma Gormley and Summer Islam , co-founders of Material Cultures.

Rafico Ruiz, associate director, research, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreál.

Samia Henni, visiting professor, ETH Zürich, author of Colonial Toxicity and editor of Deserts Are Not Empty.

Shahana Rajani, Zahra Malkani and Abeera Kamran, co-founders of Exhausted Geographies, Karachi.

Sharon Prendeville, senior lecturer design innovation, module leader Design Ecologies, Loughborough University.

Tom Ó Caollaí, artist-historian, Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL.

Project team

Cher Potter, creative direction

Jennifer Cunningham, forecast research

Lila Boschet, creative production

Andre Conde Pereira, image research

Studio Airport, art direction

Footnotes:

1 The "Wall of Salt" project team looks back on four years of exploration and collaboration, to enhance the value of the salt resource and the know-how surrounding it. Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA

2 Image courtesy of Norlha, photography by Nikki McClarron

3 Image courtesy of Dana Lee Brown

4 Lithium. Image courtesy of Li-Metal

5 Fibershed Houston Textile Company. Image courtesy of Paige Green

6 Tsunami stone markers, An Incomplete Atlas of Stones. Image courtesy of Elise Hunchuck

7 Oltre Terra. Image courtesy of Formafantasma, photography by Alessandro Celli

8 Image courtesy of Norlha, photography by Kin Coedel

9 Image courtesy of Norlha, photography by Kin Coedel

10 Image courtesy of Norlha, photography by Kin Coedel

11 Oltre Terra, Turning Wool Into Yarn by Hand. Image courtesy of Formafantasma and Joanna Piotrowska

12 The Saltmarsh Project, Bioregional Learning Centre. Film courtesy of Emilio Mula, nu-frame.co.uk

13 Langtauferer Ferner/Vedretta di Vallelunga in the Ötztal Alps/Alpi Venoste, Summer 1921. From the archives of Istituto Geografico Militare. Image courtesy of Marco Ferrari, Studio Folder

14 The moving border on the Übeltal/Malavalle glacier in the area of Wilder Pfaff/Cima del Prete, 2012. From the archives of Istituto Geografico Militare. Italian Limes. Image courtesy of Marco Ferrari, Studio Folder

15 Installation of the border measurement devices on the Austrian-Italian watershed, Similaun glacier, Ötztal Alps. Italian Limes. Image courtesy of Studio Folder, photography by Delfino Sisto Legnani

16 Aerial View of Military infrastructure in Kuwait's hinterland. Image courtesy of Yousef Awaad Hussein, Saphiya Abu Al-Maati, Asaiel Al Saeed, Aseel AlYaqoub in collaboration with Atlas of Places

17 Aerial View of Light Craft Industry in Kuwait's hinterland. Image courtesy of Yousef Awaad Hussein, Saphiya Abu Al-Maati, Asaiel Al Saeed, Aseel AlYaqoub in collaboration with Atlas of Places

18 Aerial View of Heavy Industry in Kuwait's hinterland. Image courtesy of Yousef Awaad Hussein, Saphiya Abu Al-Maati, Asaiel Al Saeed, Aseel AlYaqoub in collaboration with Atlas of Places

19 The water vapor and aerosols [airborne particles of dust, soot, mold, and bacteria] of Earth's third atmosphere-ocean environment are shown in this full-disk visualization centered above China. Image derived from FY-4A AGRI L1 satellite data set [Fēngyún-4 are China Meteorological Administration’s most recent geosynchronous meteorological satellites]. Prologue to the Sky River. Image courtesy of Marco Ferrari

20 China Western. Image courtesy Carlos Spottorno

21 Back to Dirt. Image courtesy of Aléa, Miriam Josi and Stella Lee Prowse

22 Image courtesy Observatoire des armements, photography by Bruno Barrillot

23 MEXUS: Geographies of Interdependence, 2018. Image courtesy of Estudio Teddy Cruz + Fonna Forman

24 Aerial View of Military infrastructure in Kuwait's hinterland. Image courtesy of Yousef Awaad Hussein, Saphiya Abu Al-Maati, Asaiel Al Saeed, Aseel AlYaqoub in collaboration with Atlas of Places

25 Image courtesy of Material Cultures

26 Contact Waste materials assembled by mycelium. Image courtesy of Aléa, Miriam Josi and Stella Lee Prowse

27 Think Differently about Water, Accelerate Resilience. Image courtesy of Los Angeles and Spherical, directed by John Pavlus, VFX by Almost Human Media

28 Tactile Afferents, 2022. Image courtesy of Formafantasma and Joanna Piotrowska, commissioned and co-produced by The National Museum of Norway, co-produced by Fondazione In Between Art Film, creative producer Alessandro Rabottini, stills from movie

29 Learning from Kilburn. Developed and directed by Tom Ó Caollaí, commissioned by Spacemakers, in collaboration with OK-RM and Pernilla Ohrstedt Studio. The project was funded by the London Boroughs of Brent and Camden. Photography by Theo Simpson

30 Aerial View of Heavy Industry in Kuwait's hinterland. Image courtesy of Yousef Awaad Hussein, Saphiya Abu Al-Maati, Asaiel Al Saeed, Aseel AlYaqoub in collaboration with Atlas of Places.

31 Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA

32 Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA

33 Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA

34 Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA

35 The Nebelivka Hypothesis. Image courtesy of Forensic Architecture

36 Image courtesy of Forensic Architecture

37 The Nebelivka Hypothesis. Image courtesy of Forensic Architecture

38 Of Struggle Website. Image courtesy of Exhausted Geographies

39 Restaging Temporalities, Monsoon Stories from the Kampung, River, and TOWER. Image courtesy of dll. collective

40 Restaging Temporalities, Monsoon Stories from the Kampung, River, and TOWER. Image courtesy of dll. collective

41 Restaging Temporalities, Monsoon Stories from the Kampung, River, and TOWER. Image courtesy of dll. collective

42 Public Map Platform, Cambridge University. Image courtesy of Piers Taylor and Owen Pierce

43 Image courtesy of Aléa, Miriam Josi and Stella Lee Prowse

44 The Nebelivka Hypothesis. Image courtesy of Forensic Architecture

45 Image courtesy of Russ Rizzo and Cal Neva Mineral Co

46 Image courtesy of Oleg Lopatkin

47 Image courtesy of Ellen Stewart

48 Power plant in the Mojave desert. Image courtesy of Balazs Gardi

49 Image courtesy of Firdaus Latif

50 LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas) storage tank at a natural gas processing plant, belonging to Bonavista Petroleum, near Carstairs, Alberta on July 18, 2015. Image courtesy of Larry MacDougal

51 Image courtesy of Modvion

52 Dirty chair N.4, Back to Dirt. Image courtesy of Aléa, Miriam Josi and Stella Lee Prowse

53 Dirty chair N.5, Back to Dirt. Image courtesy of Aléa, Miriam Josi and Stella Lee Prowse

54 Image courtesy of Aléa, Miriam Josi and Stella Lee Prowse

55 Left: Constructive Land, Unit 3 (2022), MArch: UAL. Image courtesy of Material Cultures, photography by Zahra Badaoui, Elise Blackmore and Leo Hui Right: Forestry England's Dalby Forest in Yorkshire. Image courtesy of Material Cultures

56 Image courtesy of Pascal Broze

57 Image courtesy of Rotor DC

58 Image courtesy of Rotor DC

59 Image courtesy Cooking Sections

60 Uig Re-Commoning The Coast Workshop, CLIMAVORE CIC, Isle Of Skye, 2022. Image courtesy Cooking Sections, photography by Jordan Young

61 Building Economic Alternatives in the Isle of Skye. CLIMAVORE.Film courtesy of Jordan Young

62 Film courtesy of Jordan Young

63 Film courtesy of Jordan Young

64 Film courtesy of Jordan Young

65 Film courtesy of Jordan Young

66 Film courtesy of Jordan Young

67 Film courtesy of MASS Design Group

68 Image courtesy of MASS Design Group, photography by Iwan Baan

69 Transforming salt into a material of architectural scale. Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA, photography by Adrian Deweerdt

70 Image courtesy of Norhla, photography by Nikki McClarron

71 Image courtesy of Norlha, photography by Nikki McClarron

72 Image courtesy of Norlha, photography by Nikki McClarron

73 Image courtesy of Norlha, photography by Nikki McClarron

74 Grown Blur. Image courtesy of Boqun Huang

75 Grown Blur. Image courtesy of Boqun Huang

76 Image courtesy of Dana Lee Brown

77 Image courtesy of Dana Lee Brown

78 Display with rock wall through window. Image courtesy of Jeff Close

79 Image courtesy of Dana Lee Brown

80 Eileen Fisher production. Image courtesy of Bombyx

81 Testing the use of seaweed in low carbon bricks for the Design Enterprise, Future Observatory research project. Image courtesy of Rory Allen

82 Testing the use of seaweed in low carbon bricks for the Design Enterprise, Future Observatory research project. Image courtesy of Romanin and Naceto

83 Testing the use of seaweed in low carbon bricks for the Design Enterprise, Future Observatory research project.Image courtesy of Rory Allen

84 Crushed concrete used for production of the Gent Waste Brick; a recycled brick made for the new wing of Design Museum Gent. Image courtesy of Romanin and Naceto

85 Testing the use of seaweed in low carbon bricks for the Design Enterprise, Future Observatory research project. Image courtesy of Romanin and Naceto

86 Image courtesy of HONOKA, designed by Shinnosuke Harada and Moritaka Tochigi

87 Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA

88 Waste marble terrazzo bench top with off cut FRP panels. Image courtesy of Second Edition, photography by Hamish McIntosh

89 Image courtesy of Markus Bühler

90 Felt fabric made of recycled Arles Merino wool to cover benches and seats in the Refectory. Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA, photography by Max Féli

91 Wall of Salt project, Salins de Giraud, France. Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA, photography by Adrian Deweerdt

92 Transforming salt into a material of architectural scale. Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA, photography by Adrian Deweerdt

93 Transforming salt into a material of architectural scale. Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA, photography by Adrian Deweerdt

94 Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA

95 Image courtesy of Atelier LUMA

96 Ecologies of Drawing: In Situ, Cloud Appreciation. Image by Diane Henshaw

97 Image courtesy of Norlha, photography by KinCoedel

98 Limestone deposits, Bagni San Filippo, Tuscany. Image courtesy of Geocentric Drifting

99 Top: Ecologies of Drawing. Configuration 03, by Mary Yacoob Bottom: Ecologies of Drawing. You Guys Are So Stochastic by Lucy Ward

100 Tsunami stone markers, An Incomplete Atlas of Stones. Image courtesy of Elise Hunchuck

101 Tsunami stone markers, An Incomplete Atlas of Stones. Image courtesy of Elise Hunchuck

Contents

Introduction

Brief from the Land

Alternative Prospecting

Topofacture

Material Resonance

Possible -sheds

Fibreshed

Watershed

Desertshed

Atmos-shed

Brief from the Land

Tactics for cultivating natural and cultural ecosystems

The Living Infrastructure Field Kit

Crofting 2.0

Learning from Kilburn

Deserts Are Not Empty

New tools

The Nebelivka Hypothesis

Ofstruggle

Restaging Temporalities

Public Map Platform

Alternative Prospecting

Actions proposed for the green transition

The Critical Raw Materials Act

The Green New Deal

The Manifesto for Ecosocial Energy Transition from the Peoples of the South

Practices mining close to home

Material Cultures

Rotor

Practices upskilling people in their place

Climavore

MASS.Made

Topofacture

Prototypes of bioregional manufacture

Dana Lee Brown

Bombyx

Carmody Groarke

Possible topofactories

Martin Rauch

Atelier LUMA

Material Resonance

Courses teaching geological and ecological literacy

Geocentric Driftings

Design Ecologies

Contributors:

Captions:

Contributors:

Footnotes: